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Intrepid Invs., LLC v. Selling Source, LLC

Citation: 2023 NY Slip Op 00396Docket: Index No. 654291/13, 650641/19 Appeal No. 17073 Case No. 2021-03229

Court: Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York; January 30, 2023; New York; State Appellate Court

Original Court Document: View Document

Narrative Opinion Summary

This case involves Intrepid Investments, LLC's appeal against Selling Source, LLC following the denial of Intrepid's motion for partial summary judgment and the granting of summary judgment for the defendants. The dispute centers on a junior secured promissory note issued in 2010, secured by third-priority liens, and governed by an intercreditor and subordination agreement (ICA) that restricted Intrepid's enforcement actions until senior obligations were fully paid. Intrepid alleged defaults under the note and the ICA and initiated legal action in 2013. However, the court upheld the standstill provision of the ICA, affirming the defendants' summary judgment by dismissing Intrepid's claims, including its interpretation of refinancing as 'Payment-in-Full.' The court also dismissed allegations of material breaches by senior lenders and found no breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. Furthermore, the ICA's allowance for loan modifications without third-party consent was emphasized. The court's decision favored the defendants, maintaining that the actions of White Oak and other senior lenders were in accordance with the ICA, and the sale of Kitara Media, LLC was legitimate despite Intrepid's contrary claims.

Legal Issues Addressed

Covenant of Good Faith and Fair Dealing

Application: The court found no breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, as the covenant cannot create terms not present in the contract.

Reasoning: Additionally, Intrepid's argument that White Oak breached the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing was rejected, as such a covenant cannot create terms not present in the contract.

Interpretation of Refinancing in Security Agreements

Application: The court rejected Intrepid's interpretation of refinancing as 'Payment-in-Full,' allowing the refinancing under the ICA.

Reasoning: Intrepid's interpretation of refinancing as 'Payment-in-Full' was rejected, as the ICA explicitly allows for refinancing.

Material Breach in Intercreditor Agreements

Application: Claims of material breach by senior lenders were dismissed due to lack of evidence, and White Oak's actions were upheld as compliant with the ICA.

Reasoning: The court also dismissed claims of material breaches by senior lenders and upheld White Oak's authority to terminate the Kitara lien under the ICA, emphasizing White Oak's position as a senior lender.

Modification of Loan Terms Without Third-Party Consent

Application: The ICA permits modifications of loan terms without the consent of third-party lenders, supporting White Oak's actions.

Reasoning: The ICA does not prohibit either Selling Source or White Oak from increasing the loan amount and allows for modifications without the consent of third-party lenders.

Summary Judgment under New York Law

Application: The court affirmed the granting of summary judgment for the defendants, as the action was barred by the standstill provision of the ICA.

Reasoning: On remand, the court denied Intrepid's partial summary judgment motion and granted summary judgment for the defendants, affirming that the action was barred by the standstill provision of the ICA, which prevents enforcement actions until the First and Second Priority Obligations are fully paid.