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United States v. Covington

Citation: 322 F. App'x 41Docket: No. 08-0539-cr

Court: Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit; April 15, 2009; Federal Appellate Court

Narrative Opinion Summary

The case involves an appeal by Lashan Covington following the revocation of his supervised release, which resulted in a sentence of three months' imprisonment and an additional fifty-seven months of supervised release. Convicted of assault with intent to commit murder, Covington challenges the reasonableness of his sentence under the post-Booker standards. The appellate court employs a deferential standard to review the sentence, focusing on potential procedural errors and substantive reasonableness. Covington argues that the district court failed to acknowledge the advisory nature of the Sentencing Guidelines and did not explicitly consider the § 3553 factors. However, the court finds no procedural error, presuming the district court considered the necessary statutory factors. Additionally, Covington's claim that the combined 60-month sentence is excessive compared to his previous supervision term is rejected, as the court deems the sentence within the district court's discretion and reasonable given the violations of supervised release. The appellate court affirms the judgment, upholding the sentence imposed by the district court.

Legal Issues Addressed

Procedural Requirements for Sentencing

Application: The district court is not required to verbally acknowledge the advisory nature of the Sentencing Guidelines or explicitly mention the § 3553 factors, as long as the record shows awareness of these aspects.

Reasoning: The court disagrees, asserting that no specific verbal acknowledgment is required, and presumes that the sentencing judge considered necessary statutory factors unless evidence suggests otherwise.

Reasonableness Review of Sentences Post-Booker

Application: The court applies a deferential standard to review the reasonableness of a sentence, looking for any abuse of discretion by the district court.

Reasoning: The appellate court reviews sentences for reasonableness post-United States v. Booker, applying a deferential standard to identify any abuse of discretion, regardless of the sentence's relation to the Guidelines range.

Revocation of Supervised Release

Application: The district court has the discretion to impose a new sentence following the revocation of supervised release if prior violations demonstrate serious concerns about the defendant's behavior.

Reasoning: It concludes that the 3-month prison sentence for multiple supervision violations, reflecting serious concerns about Covington's behavior, is reasonable, and the 57-month supervision term falls within the district court's discretion.

Substantive Reasonableness of Sentences

Application: A sentence is considered substantively reasonable if it is within the discretion of the district court and aligns with statutory obligations, even if it extends beyond previous terms of supervision.

Reasoning: The court finds this argument unpersuasive, noting that the district court fulfilled its obligations under § 3553 and committed no procedural errors.