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Wolcoff v. State

Citations: 576 So. 2d 726; 1991 Fla. App. LEXIS 16; 1991 WL 132Docket: No. 88-3144

Court: District Court of Appeal of Florida; January 3, 1991; Florida; State Appellate Court

Narrative Opinion Summary

This case involves the appeal of a defendant, convicted of two counts of first-degree murder and sentenced to life imprisonment with a minimum of twenty-five years. The primary legal issue on appeal was whether the trial court erred in allowing the state to impeach its own witness, Michael Wolcoff, the defendant's son. Michael had initially made statements implicating the defendant in the murders but recanted during his trial testimony, denying any involvement by his father. The court addressed the application of Florida Statutes § 90.608, which governs the impeachment of witnesses. It held that a witness may be impeached by the calling party if declared 'adverse,' a status warranted when testimony is prejudicial to that party. Given Michael's contradictory statements, the court ruled his testimony adverse, thereby justifying impeachment. The appellate court affirmed the trial court's decision, concluding that the impeachment was lawful under the circumstances. Judges Letts and Glickstein concurred with the decision, while Judge Garrett dissented. As a result, the defendant's conviction and life sentence were upheld.

Legal Issues Addressed

Adverse Witness Determination

Application: Michael Wolcoff's trial testimony was declared adverse due to its contradiction with his previous statements, which were detrimental to the prosecution.

Reasoning: Michael Wolcoff's trial testimony contradicted his prior statements, where he initially indicated he was present during discussions about the murders and implicated his father.

Court Witness Status

Application: The court ruled that Michael Wolcoff's status as a court witness allowed for his impeachment by the state, supporting the admissibility of his prior inconsistent statements.

Reasoning: The court found that Michael was a court witness at the time of impeachment, and even if he had been a state witness, his testimony was indeed adverse, allowing for impeachment.

Impeachment of Witness under Florida Statutes § 90.608

Application: The court held that a party may impeach a witness they called if the witness is deemed adverse, as Michael Wolcoff's trial testimony was contradictory and prejudicial to the state's case.

Reasoning: The court clarified that under Florida Statutes § 90.608(1), a party generally cannot impeach a witness they called unless the witness is deemed 'adverse' as per § 90.608(2).