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Sea-Land Service, Inc. v. Crescent Towing & Salvage Co., Inc.

Citations: 42 F.3d 960; 1995 A.M.C. 1073; 1995 U.S. App. LEXIS 1295; 1995 WL 5901Docket: 93-03612

Court: Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit; January 24, 1995; Federal Appellate Court

Original Court Document: View Document

Narrative Opinion Summary

In a maritime liability case, Crescent Towing Salvage Company, Inc. appealed a district court ruling that allocated fault between it and Sea-Land Service, Inc. after an unberthing incident involving the tug BETTY SMITH and the vessel M/V SEA LAND EXPEDITION. The court found Crescent 65% at fault for prematurely pulling a towline, causing injuries to a sternmate, while Sea-Land was held 35% at fault for not addressing a hazardous situation. Crescent sought a de novo review, but the court upheld the original factual findings, emphasizing the 'clearly erroneous' standard for review. The trial court's decision included a judgment for Sea-Land amounting to $94,228.16, which covered attorney fees from a related Puerto Rico lawsuit. However, the appellate court reversed the attorney fees award, as Crescent was not a party to the separate litigation, thus not liable for those costs. Sea-Land's argument for full indemnity based on Crescent's breach of warranty of workmanlike performance was rejected due to its shared fault. The appellate court ultimately affirmed the fault allocation but reversed the attorney fees, maintaining that each party bears its own costs.

Legal Issues Addressed

Breach of Warranty of Workmanlike Performance

Application: Sea-Land claimed attorney fees based on Crescent's alleged breach of this warranty, but the court denied full indemnity due to Sea-Land's partial fault.

Reasoning: Sea-Land claims entitlement to these fees due to Crescent's breach of the warranty of workerlike performance, citing relevant legal precedents. However, the trial court found both parties at fault, ruling out full indemnity for Sea-Land due to its partial fault.

Fault Allocation in Maritime Incidents

Application: The court assessed Crescent Towing Salvage Company, Inc. 65% at fault for prematurely pulling on a towline during an unberthing maneuver, resulting in injuries to a sternmate. Sea-Land Service, Inc. was assessed 35% fault for not addressing a hazardous situation.

Reasoning: The court found Crescent 65% at fault for prematurely pulling on a towline, leading to injuries sustained by sternmate Miguel Acevedo during an unberthing maneuver. Sea-Land was assessed 35% fault for failing to address the hazardous situation indicated by Acevedo.

Recovery of Attorney Fees in Maritime Law

Application: The appellate court reversed the award of attorney fees to Sea-Land, stating that Crescent was not involved in the related Puerto Rico lawsuit and thus not liable for those costs.

Reasoning: The appellate court affirms the fault allocation but reverses the award of attorneys' fees, with Crescent contending that Sea-Land should bear more fault due to factors such as crew understaffing and the urgency of the operation.

Standard of Review for Factual Findings

Application: The appellate court held that factual findings from the trial court should only be overturned if clearly erroneous, rejecting Crescent's argument for a de novo review based on documentary evidence.

Reasoning: Crescent argues for a de novo review standard due to the documentary evidence but is countered by the ruling that factual findings should only be overturned if clearly erroneous.