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LUIS MORALES and CECELIA MORALES v. FIFTH THIRD BANK

Citation: 238 So. 3d 280Docket: 17-1260

Court: District Court of Appeal of Florida; January 30, 2018; Florida; State Appellate Court

Original Court Document: View Document

Narrative Opinion Summary

The case involves an appeal by Luis and Cecilia Morales against a final judgment in favor of Fifth Third Bank concerning a promissory note. The primary legal issue centers on the application of the best evidence rule under Florida Statutes Section 90.953, which mandates that an original document must be presented to prove the contents of a negotiable instrument. The Fourth District Court of Appeal reversed the trial court's decision due to the improper admission of a copy of the promissory note into evidence, as the original was never presented before judgment. This procedural error paralleled a precedent in Heller v. Bank of America, N.A., and the appellate court emphasized the necessity of adhering to the Florida Evidence Code. The Bank, as the evidence proponent, did not fulfill its burden of proof by submitting only a copy and an unsworn statement. Consequently, the appellate court reversed the trial court's judgment and remanded the case for a new trial, highlighting the importance of submitting original documents in accordance with statutory requirements. The decision awaits finalization pending any motions for rehearing.

Legal Issues Addressed

Application of the Best Evidence Rule under Florida Statutes Section 90.953

Application: The best evidence rule requires the original document to be presented to prove the content of a negotiable instrument. In this case, the admission of a copy of the promissory note, without the original being presented, violated this rule.

Reasoning: The Fourth District Court of Appeal found no error related to the Notice of Default and Modification Agreement but reversed the trial court's decision due to the improper admission of a copy of the promissory note into evidence, violating the best evidence rule as outlined in section 90.953, Florida Statutes.

Burden of Proof on Proponent of Evidence

Application: The Bank, as the proponent of the evidence, failed to meet its burden of proof by not submitting the original promissory note, relying instead on a copy and unsworn statements.

Reasoning: The Bank, as the proponent of the evidence, failed to meet its burden of proof, as only the copy and unsworn statement were presented.

Procedural Requirement for Admission of Original Documents

Application: The trial court's acceptance of a copy of a promissory note, based on an unsworn statement and without the original being admitted into evidence, was procedurally improper. The appellate court required the original document to be admitted before judgment.

Reasoning: The trial court admitted a copy of a note into evidence based on the filing of the original with the clerk, despite defense counsel's objections regarding potential prejudice from the original's absence in the courtroom.