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Griffin v. State

Citations: 168 N.W.2d 571; 43 Wis. 2d 385; 1969 Wisc. LEXIS 985Docket: State 146, 147

Court: Wisconsin Supreme Court; June 27, 1969; Wisconsin; State Supreme Court

Narrative Opinion Summary

In this case before the Supreme Court of Wisconsin, the defendant challenged the trial court's decisions on two primary grounds: the failure to determine self-defense as a matter of law following his guilty plea and the denial of his motion to withdraw the plea based on alleged constitutional violations. The court affirmed that the nature of a guilty plea precludes a self-defense determination, as such pleas inherently waive certain defenses. Additionally, the court upheld the denial of plea withdrawal, emphasizing the voluntary and informed nature of the plea, supported by legal counsel and devoid of coercion or promises. The defendant's arguments regarding a coerced confession and lack of immediate legal counsel were dismissed, with the court finding no constitutional breach, particularly since the confession was not used for conviction. The court reiterated that withdrawal of a guilty plea requires clear evidence of manifest injustice, which the defendant failed to provide. Consequently, the trial court's judgment was affirmed, maintaining the defendant's guilt under the manslaughter charge, as the plea was considered valid and the procedural claims unsubstantiated.

Legal Issues Addressed

Confession and Constitutional Rights

Application: The defendant's claim that his confession violated constitutional rights was dismissed, as it was not used for conviction and no evidence supported a Miranda violation.

Reasoning: The defendant's assertion that a confession made at the county morgue violated his constitutional rights was also addressed; this confession was not used as a basis for conviction.

Effect of Nonjurisdictional Defects

Application: The voluntary nature of the guilty plea resulted in the waiver of nonjurisdictional defects, including claims of constitutional violations regarding confession.

Reasoning: The waiver of nonjurisdictional defects due to the voluntary nature of the plea was upheld.

Manifest Injustice Standard

Application: The ruling emphasized that withdrawal of a guilty plea requires clear and convincing evidence of a manifest injustice, which was not demonstrated in this case.

Reasoning: A guilty plea may be withdrawn if necessary to correct a manifest injustice, requiring clear and convincing evidence.

Self-Defense and Guilty Pleas

Application: The court determined that a guilty plea precludes a determination of self-defense as a matter of law.

Reasoning: The court ruled that the trial court correctly refrained from ruling on self-defense due to the nature of a guilty plea, which does not permit such a determination.

Withdrawal of Guilty Plea

Application: The defendant sought to withdraw his guilty plea, arguing it was coerced; the court upheld the plea, finding it was entered voluntarily with understanding and counsel present.

Reasoning: The court found the plea was made voluntarily and with understanding, with counsel present, and without coercion or promises.