You are viewing a free summary from Descrybe.ai. For citation checking, legal issue analysis, and other advanced tools, explore our Legal Research Toolkit — not free, but close.

Wallace, Governor of Alabama, Et Al. v. Jaffree Et Al.; And Smith Et Al. v. Jaffree Et Al.

Citations: 466 U.S. 924; 80 L. Ed. 2d 178; 104 S. Ct. 1704; 52 U.S.L.W. 3719; 1984 U.S. LEXIS 218Docket: 83-812; 83-929

Court: Supreme Court of the United States; April 2, 1984; Federal Supreme Court; Federal Appellate Court

Narrative Opinion Summary

This case involves the Supreme Court's examination of Alabama statutory provisions regarding school prayer, particularly the constitutionality of Ala. Code. 16-1-20.2 under the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment. The Court previously ruled that both statutory and nonstatutory school prayer practices violated the Establishment Clause, affirming the Court of Appeals' decision and enjoining their enforcement. However, the Supreme Court's jurisdiction was limited to Ala. Code. 16-1-20.1, which permits a moment of silence for meditation or silent prayer in public schools. The appellants argued that this provision fosters religious liberty without establishing religion, raising questions about its constitutionality under the Establishment Clause. The Supreme Court's decision focused on these aspects, with Justice Stevens concurring with the narrowed jurisdictional focus. Ultimately, the Court upheld the Court of Appeals' decision, maintaining the injunction against the enforcement of Ala. Code. 16-1-20.2, but did not address the separate nonstatutory practices due to jurisdictional restrictions.

Legal Issues Addressed

Appellate Jurisdiction Limitations

Application: The Supreme Court affirmed its jurisdiction was limited to the constitutionality of Ala. Code. 16-1-20.1, concerning a minute of silence, and did not extend to nonstatutory school prayer practices.

Reasoning: The Supreme Court's order specifically affirmed the Court of Appeals' decision regarding Ala. Code. 16-1-20.2, while also acknowledging that the judgment related to nonstatutory practices was not within the Supreme Court's appellate jurisdiction.

Constitutionality of School Prayer under the Establishment Clause

Application: The Supreme Court evaluated the constitutionality of Alabama statutory provisions concerning school prayer, particularly Ala. Code. 16-1-20.2, under the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.

Reasoning: The primary focus was on the validity of Ala. Code. 16-1-20.2, which was deemed unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment, as applicable to the States through the Fourteenth Amendment.

Establishment Clause and Religious Liberty

Application: The appellants contended that Ala. Code. 16-1-20.1 predominantly promoted religious liberty and did not establish religion, challenging its compatibility with the Establishment Clause.

Reasoning: The appellants framed their arguments around whether this statute predominantly promotes religious liberty rather than establishing religion, questioning its compatibility with the Establishment Clause.